Pickup Trucks 101: What You Need To Know About Weight Ratings

Pickup Trucks 101: Truck Weight Ratings

Because pickup trucks are frequently used to tow and haul, there’s perhaps no more important or confusing statistic to consider when purchasing one than its weight ratings. Accidentally overloading a truck can lead to a dangerous situation, not just for you but for others on the road. It can also lead to premature wear and tear, or damage to the truck’s powertrain, frame and running gear.

Here are the terms you need to know.

Curb weight: The weight of the pickup, including a full tank of fuel, engine fluids (coolant, oil) and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo or optional equipment.

Cargo weight: Cargo weight is any weight added to the curb weight, including cargo placed in the cab or bed, optional equipment and trailer tongue weight if you’re towing.

Tongue weight: Tongue weight refers to the amount of trailer weight pressing down on the trailer hitch. It's expressed in percent of total trailer weight, so when you see 10 percent tongue weight that means 10 percent of the weight of the trailer you're going to pull. Too much tongue load can push the vehicle down in back, potentially damaging or decreasing the effectiveness of the rear suspension and causing the front wheels to lift to the point where traction, steering response and braking can be severely decreased. Too little tongue weight can reduce rear-wheel traction and cause instability, leading to trailer sway or jackknifing.

Gross vehicle weight rating: The maximum allowable weight for a fully loaded pickup, including passengers, cargo and trailer tongue weight. A truck’s gross vehicle weight (measured by driving a loaded truck onto a scale) must never exceed the GVWR.

Ford F-450 Towing a Triple Axle 20,000-pound Trailer

Gross combined weight rating: The maximum allowable weight for a pickup pulling a trailer, including cargo and passengers, that the truck can handle without risking damage. A truck’s gross combined weight (measured by driving a loaded truck and trailer onto a scale) must never exceed the GCWR. In some states, you may be required to have a commercial driver's license if you tow more than 10,000 pounds.

It’s important to know that a truck’s brake system is typically rated for operation only at the GVWR, not the maximum GCWR. Most states mandate trailers more than 1,500 pounds be equipped with separate brake systems that can be integrated with the truck, so the driver can control both the truck’s and the trailer’s brakes simultaneously or separately (see our story on trailer-brake controllers).

If you’re wondering where you can find these specs for the truck you’re considering, you should be able to find a truck’s GVWR and GCWR on the safety compliance certification label in the driver’s-side door area and in the owner’s manual.

Quick formulas to remember:

Curb weight + cargo weight + passengers = gross vehicle weight

Gross vehicle weight + loaded trailer weight = gross combined weight

Dodge Ram 2500 on a CAT scale to measure gross weight

Comments

I had 4300lbs in the back of my 07 tundra double cab. Is that bad for it?

Yes, that's very overweight. Most half ton trucks aren't rated for more than 2000lbs of bed weight. You will have the same issues mentioned above for too much tongue weight, most notably fried suspension.

They call it a 1/2 ton truck. They usually mean it. Even the maximum rated payload is unsafe at speed. Braking distance is almost doubled.

here in 'sunny' pennsylvania (i can say that for now, this is the 1 month a year we have sunshine) PennDOT likes to play little 'games' with the GVWR on our registrations. I went to get 1/2 ton of limestone in my 1/2 ton pickup truck. I got pre-weighed at the scale, and the lady running the scale insisted on seeing my registration. After looking at it, she told me she couldn't sell me anything because my truck was already overloaded. On my registration, it lists my GVWR as 5000 lbs (to the best of my memory), and my truck sitting on the scale with nothing in it but a half tank of gas, weighed 5200 lbs. She asked me if I 'modified' the truck at all, to which I said, "Well, I don't think my brushguard and tow hitch weight 1200 lbs." Either way I was SOL and she said I had to take it up with the state, cause the cops would fine her if she sold me anything and they pulled me over. I just found a place that didn't ask, cause I know how well fighting with the commonwealth works; very little.

Your registration issue would be solved if you got the truck registered as being weight class 2, which covers 5001 to 7000lbs. The kicker is its $81/yr to register and not the $58.50 you are paying now. And as a note in PA, when they figure out your weight for registration proposes it includes passengers at 150 lbs per seat. So if you have a normal cab with a bench they add 450lbs, crew with two benches 900lbs.

Warning Fred is a idiot, he carried 4700 in a tundra, id liek to know what he actually fit in the 5 ' box double cab, hes just lieing, or it was only 2000 pounds, I carry 5000 pounds with my truck dont believe me Fordman06777 on you tube, GVWR dont mean a thing when u got a ford, my breaks are fine, cause i know how to haul a load.

these are sick trucks. thanks for posting this it is useful to know

Warning. Nick is a idiot. I did carry not 4700lbs, but 4300lbs like my post said. it is a 6.5' bed. It had firestone air bags at 100lbs and it was 4300lbs of stone. I too know how to haul a load. I am a Contractor and are one of the few men who use my truck like a truck. I am acutally impressed with the toy. I had 3000lbs in it the other day, and it did fine.

Before bashing someone else, maybee you should get some Prolixus so you can feel better about you inadequate manhood. Ya sissy!

no you are, I use my truck look it up you tube, tundras are garbage, and you are going to find out sooner or later.

Fordman06777

I looked at your Youtube vids. You have a busted old Hooptie. lol. I am happy for you that it works. For my money, the F150 is a better truck. I just so happend to get a great deal on the tundra. When the 2010 f150 hits with the 6.2L, I am all over it. I am getting a platinum with a 6.5' bed.

However, the tundra is not garbage. It will out accelerate any Ford, except the mustang GT and above. It can obviously carry a big load, and tow well. I would hardly say it is garbage. The best thing about it is that It is new! Everything works, there is no rust, or dents like your old busted truck! It looks good sitting in the garage of my nice 4500sq ft home, with the rocky mountains in the background.

I am sure your Ford looks right at home out in front of your trailer! The cool thing is, when you are ready to move, your F150 can tow your home to the new location!

tundras are garbage, and whatever its not tougher than any ford.

Have you owned both? I have. I have had a 95 f350 reg cab, with plow. 350 and a 3 speed. 98 silverado 1500 xcab. 5.0l. 2001 GMC 2500 x cab with 6.0l. 2004 dodge ram 1500 5.7. 2005 f150 fx4 super crew 6.5. 2006 dodge ram 1500 quad laramie. 5.7 and 2007 tundra 5.7.

I think I have a lot of experience with trucks. I have a tendancy to know em.

Trust me, the tundra has its strong points. It has it's weak points as well.


Put more HP into the f150, and I will buy one.

It however is not garbage.

I would rather have my tundra than your old Ford!

BTW, my ram was better than all of em.

You guys shouldn't complain about the cost to register your truck with a heavier weight rating. It costs over 200.00 to register my 1999 Dodge 1500, and, thanks to our idiot government here in California, that will double this year. Be grateful you only have to pay that puny amount!

In colorado, it costs about $800 the first year $650 the second and just under $500.00 the third!

I would just like to point out that if yo are trying to insult someone you probably are going to want to chek yoor spelyng.

And like the dumb ass i am, i forgot a letter in the word 'you' when trying to make a point about spelling.

I'm looking to put a ton of wood pellets that are on a pallet in my 03 GMC Seirra extended cab short bed. Should I have an concerns?

Joe, it really depends on how many you have. How much do they weigh? I assume its not an actual ton, so it really depends on the weight. I think you'll be fine, though, unless its an insane amount.

-Scott

Scott, Joe means a ton, 2000 lbs of wood pellets, I also am trying to figure if my truck is capable of hauling a ton.

Yes, folks a half ton truck will haul 2000#'s. The thing to remember here is that it's not designed for this in continuous duty. They call it a half ton because it is capable of carrying that much it's entire life.

I have a 2005 f-150 crew cab ( full sive 4 door) It has a 5'7" bed. I'm wanting to buy a in the bed camper. How much weight can I put in my bed?

The 2005 Ford Towing & RV guide doesn't list a maximum slide-in camper payload weight for the F-150 crew cab. It does however say "All Styleside pickups that qualify for slide-in camper bodies have camper center-of-gravity included on the Consumer Information Sheet in the glovebox." and "If vehicle does not qualify for camper use, the Consumer Information Sheet states that the vehicle
is not recommended for camper use"

I doubt you'd find a camper to fit that bed anyway.

https://www.fleet.ford.com/showroom/rv_trailer_towing/2005/2005_Towing_Guide.pdf

I just bought a used F350 powerstroke deisel and have two Q's. One does the banks exhaust system make a big diff in hp and two can you regestier it at a lower weight class. I live in pa and the weight class it is now is 4B



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